Production ML systems at scale: control planes, contracts, and safety nets

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Production ML systems behave like distributed services, not offline experiments. A control-plane mindset keeps models shippable: contracts define what is safe to launch, rollbacks are rehearsed, and telemetry is the default—not an afterthought.

What the control plane owns

  • Contracts: schemas, validation steps, and acceptance checks before a model ever touches live traffic.
  • Rollout states: shadow, canary, and full production with clear promotion/demotion criteria.
  • Signals: golden datasets, automated backtests, and live health indicators wired to alerts.

Delivery path that survives change

  1. Shadow and compare. Route a small slice of production requests through the new model in shadow; record deltas against golden signals.
  2. Guarded canary. Promote only if statistical deltas stay within allowed bounds; attach rollback playbooks to the same decision.
  3. Runtime quality. Keep monitors at the feature, model, and business layers to spot drift or cascading failures.

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